TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-2



TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-2

3,200 B.C. Bronze is used for weapons and armor
3,000 B.C. Egyptians wear clothing comprised of cotton fibers
3,000 B.C. The Egyptians construct the first stringed musical instrument
3,000 B.C. Soap is first synthesized in Egypt using wood ash and animal fat
2,600 B.C. Silk fibers are used for clothing in China
2,000 B.C. Pewter beginning to be used in China and Egypt
2,000 B.C. The first suspension bridges are used in China and India
1,600 B.C. The Hittites develop iron metallurgy
1,600 B.C. Conceptual designs are invented for bathing suits, fabricated
1,300 B.C. Invention of steel when iron and charcoal are combined properly
· January 3 at 12:11am

747 The first reported air conditioning system comprised of water-powered fan wheels, by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty
1156 First reported synthesis of perfume by Henchum Seiken
1182 The magnetic compass is developed and widely used in China[1]
1249 Gunpowder is designed/synthesized by Rodger Bacon
1280 The cannon is invented in China
1286 Eyeglasses are first used in Venice
1300 Chinese judges wear smoke-colored quartz lenses to conceal their eyes in court
1400 The first use of grenades in France, designed by an unknown inventor
1430 Vision-correcting darkened eyeglasses introduced into China
1450 Crystallo, a clear soda-based glass, is invented by Angelo Barovier
Unlike · · Unfollow Post · January 6 at 10:10pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-5

1570 The pinhole camera is invented
1590 Glass lenses are developed in Netherlands and used for the first time in microscopes and telescopes
1593 Galileo invents a water thermometer
1608 The Dutch scientist Hans Lippershey invents the telescope
1612 The Flintlock firearm is developed in France
1621 John Napier invents the slide rule
1643 Torricelli makes the first barometer using mercury in a sealed glass tube
1651 The Dutch scientist Anton van Leeuwenhoek develops a microscope
1668 Isaac Newton invents a reflecting telescope
· January 8 at 9:43pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-6

1709 Gabriel Fahrenheit invents an alcohol thermometer (mercury thermometer developed in 1714)
1710 Bathroom bidet is invented in France
1712 The steam engine is first invented in England
1714 The first patent for a typewriter is awarded in England to Henry Mill
1717 Swim fins (flippers) are invented by Benjamin Franklin
1718 The machine gun is developed in England
1738 William Champion patents a process for the production of metallic zinc by distillation from calamine and charcoal
1749 The lightning rod is invented by Benjamin Franklin
1752 Benjamin Franklin invents the flexible catheter
1760s Benjamin Franklin invents bifocals
· January 9 at 5:56pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-7

1770 First reported use of porcelain false teeth in France
1774 The electric telegraph is developed by Georges Louis Lesage
1776 The swivel chair is invented by Thomas Jefferson
1779 Bry Higgins issued a patent for hydraulic cement (stucco) for use as an exterior plaster
1782 Jacob Yoder builds the first flatboat for freight/passenger transport
1787 The automatic flour mill is invented by Oliver Evans
1789 Chlorine bleach is developed by Claude Louis Berthollet in France
1793 The cotton gin is invented by Eli Whitney
1800 Alessandro Volta makes a Copper/Zinc acid battery
1801 Frederick Graff Sr. invents the common post-type fire hydrant
· January 10 at 11:36pm
TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-8

1805 A self-propelled amphibious vehicle is invented by Oliver Evans
1806 The coffee percolator is invented by Benjamin Thompson Rumford
1808 The first lobster trap is invented by Ebenezer Thorndike
1813 The circular saw, invented by Tabitha Babbitt, is first used in a saw mill
1815 Humphry Davy invents a safety lamp that is used in coal mines without triggering an explosion
1815 Dental floss is invented by Levi Spear Parmly, a New Orleans dentist
1820 Thomas Hancock develops the first elastic fabrics
1821 Thomas Johann Seebeck invents the thermocouple
1823 Charles Macintosh patents a method for making waterproof garments
1824 Patent issued to Joseph Aspdin for the invention of cement
· January 11 at 7:26pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-9

1825 Hans Christian Orsted produces metallic aluminum
1825 William Sturgeon invents the electromagnet
1831 The electric doorbell is invented by Joseph Henry
1834 The threshing machine is invented by Avery and Pitts
1835 Solymon Merrick invents the common household wrench
1836 Samuel Colt invents the revolving firearm (revolver)
1837 Wheatstone and Cooke invent the telegraph
1838 Regnault polymerizes vinylidene chloride via sunlight
1839 Goodyear (US), MacIntosh, and Hancock (England) vulcanize natural rubber
1839 Sir William Robert Grove experimented with the first fuel cell, using hydrogen and oxygen gases in the presence of an electrolyte
· January 13 at 11:34am

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-10

1842 The facsimile machine is invented by Alexander Bain
1843 The rotary printing press is invented by Richard Hoe
1849 Ferroconcrete, concrete reinforced with steel, is invented by Monier
1849 The modern gas mask is invented by Lewis Phectic Haslett
1850 The inverted microscope is invented by J. Lawrence Smith
1853 David M. Smith invents the modern wooden clothespin
1855 Bessemer process for mass production of steel patented
1856 Invention of the first synthetic dye, mauveine, by William Henry Perkin
1857 Toilet paper is designed and marketed for the first time
1859 The escalator was invented by Nathan Ames, referred to as “revolving stairs”
· January 14 at 10:51am

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-11

1860 Fredrick Walton invents linoleum, comprised of linseed oil, pigments, pine rosin, and pine flour
1861 James Clerk Maxwell demonstrates color photography
1864 Development of flash photography by Henry Roscoe in England
1867 The metallic paper clip was invented by Samuel B. Fay
1867 Barbed wire is invented by Lucien Smith
1872 Asphalt is first developed by Edward de Smedt at Columbia University
1872 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is first created by Eugen Baumann
1873 Levi Strauss & Co. begin producing blue-jeans out of durable canvas
1876 Nicolaus Otto invents a gas motor engine
1877 Thomas Edison completes the first phonograph
1881 Alexander Graham Bell builds the first metal detector
· January 17 at 10:29am

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-12

1883 Charles Fritts makes the first solar cells using selenium wafers
1883 Warren Johnson invents the first temperature regulating device known as a thermostat
1885 Karl Benz designs and builds the first gasoline-fueled automobile
1885 The first gasoline pump is manufactured by Sylvanus Bowser
1885 George Eastman invents the first flexible photographic film
1887 Contact lenses are invented by Eugen Frick in Switzerland
1888 George Eastman introduces a Kodak camera
1888 The common drinking straw is invented by Marvin Stone
1888 The revolving door is invented by Van Kannel
1890 The zipper is invented by Whitcomb Judson in Chicago, IL
1891 The first commercially produced artificial fiber, Rayon, is invented
· January 18 at 11:22pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-13

1892 Calcium carbide is synthesized, as well as acetylene gas that is generated from the carbide
1893 Edward Goodrich Acheson patents a method for making carborundum (SiC), an abrasive compound
1896 Henry Ford constructs the first horseless carriage
1901 The vacuum cleaner is invented by H. C. Booth
1901 The first mercury arc lamp is developed by Peter Hewitt
1902 August Verneuil develops a process for making synthetic rubies
1902 The neon light is invented in France
1902 The first automatic tea-making machine is invented by A. E. Richardson
1903 Ductile tungsten wire is synthesized by Coolidge
1907 Leo Hendrik Baekeland invents Bakelite (phenol-formaldehyde resins), used in electronic insulation
· January 21 at 5:59pm

TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-14

1908 Cellophane is invented by Brandenberger, a Swiss textile engineer
1909 Leo Baekeland presents the Bakelite hard thermosetting plastic
1909 Synthetic rubber is invented by Fritz Hofmann in Germany
1916 Jan Czochralski invents a method for growing single crystals of metals
1916 Kotaro Honda discovers a strongly magnetic Co/W alloy
1920 Herman Staudinger (Germany) advances the macromolecular hypothesis – the birth of polymer science
1923 Mercedes introduces the first supercharged automobile, the 6/25/40 hp
1924 Corning scientists invent Pyrex, a glass with a very low thermal expansion coefficient
1924 Celanese Corporation commercially produces acetate fibers
1924 The first mobile, two-way voice-based telephone is invented at Bell Labs
· January 23 at 10:50pm
TIMELINE OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES-15

1936 Sunglasses become polarized by Ray Ban using a Polaroid filter developed by Edwin H. Land
1937 Polystyrene is developed
1937 Chester Carlson invents a dry printing process commonly called Xerox
1938 Roy Plunkett discovers the process for making poly-tetrafluoroethylene, better known as Teflon™
1938 Fiberglass is invented by Russell Slayter
1940 Thomas and Sparka synthesize isobutylene–isoprene rubber
1940 Butyl rubber is synthesized in the US
1941 Canadian John Hopps invents the first cardiac pacemaker
1942 The synthetic fabric, polyester, is invented
1943 The first kidney dialysis machine is developed
· January 24 at 10:46pm


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